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Dr Claudine Blin - The innate immune function and diversity of osteoclasts
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Descriptif
Osteoclastsare the cells responsible for bone resorption in steady state and bonedestruction in chronic inflammatory diseases and osteoporosis. Up to recently, they have been considered onlyas a single population of bone-resorbing cells whose differentiation andactivity are increasing in pathologies associated with bone destruction.However, recent data demonstrated that besides bone resorption, osteoclasts areinnate immune cells. In particular, they present antigens and activate T cellresponses towards tolerance in steady state. Moreover, they are also able tostimulate inflammatory T cells in the context of chronic inflammation. UsingRNAseq on purified mature osteoclasts, we showed that these divergent immuneeffects are related to functionally and transcriptionally distinct subsets ofosteoclasts. Therefore, bone destruction not only relies on an increased numberof osteoclasts but also on the emergence of different osteoclast subsets havingopposite immune outcomes. Taking advantage of the immune characteristics of thesedifferent subsets and in particular their different capacity to respond todanger signals arising from gut dysbiosis, we could specifically block thedifferentiation of inflammatory osteoclasts and reduced bone destruction inovariectomized mice. These new data on the diversity and innate immune
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